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The painted monasteries of Southern Bucovina |
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Romania is abounding of places of worship : hermitages, churches, monasteries, temples, basilicas a.s.o. They have been built during almost a millennium, in a multitude of architectonic styles. When visiting those places keep in mind that the Romanian architecture is a mixture of the Byzantine style and Western influences from Renaissance to Baroque. Sucevita Monastery Bucovina RomaniaTucked into the northeastern corner of Romania, and the medieval principality of the Moldavian region, Bucovina lies in the easily-defended Carpathian foothills where the region's hero, Stefan the Great (Stefan cel Mare ruled between 1457-1504). fought back the Turks in the 14th and 15th centuries and then built churches and monasteries throughout Moldavia to praise God for allowing him to win. He used to built one monastery after each of his battles. His descendant, Petru Rares, continued his work by setting the foundations for many other famous monasteries. There are 48 monasteries in total, some with fortified walls to protect against invaders. These unique monasteries and Byzantine churches with their exceptional exterior frescoes are one of the most fascinating sights in Romania. Seven of the painted monasteries have been included on the Unesco World Heritage List.
Much of the former Romanian province of Bucovina, previously part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was lost to the USSR (now the Ukraine) in 1945 together with its capital, Cernauti. The name Bucovina came into official use in 1775 with the region's annexation to the Austrian Empire The name has a Slavic origin and is derived from the word for beech tree 'buk' in Ukrainian; the German equivalent, das Buchenland, mostly used in poetry, means, literally, "beech land", or, more poetically, "land of beech trees". In Romanian the original name of the region during the rule of the Moldavian Principality was "Tara de Sus" (Upper Country), referring to the altitude, as opposed to the lower plains called "Tara de Jos" (Lower Country). |
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From North to South, from the Chilia branch of the Danube Delta to the border with Bulgaria, these are the Romanian resorts on the Black Sea coast: Navodari, Mamaia, Constanta, Eforie Nord, Eforie Sud, Techirghiol, Costinesti, Olimp, Neptun, Jupiter, Aurora, Venus, Saturn, Mangalia, 2 Mai and Vama Veche. Here are the most notable ones: Mamaia Mamaia is the biggest and most beautiful summer resort on the Romanian Black Sea shore. Named "The Pearl of the Romanian Riviera", it is the oldest Romanian seaside resort (1906). It is situated north-east of Constanta. Mamaia has almost no full time residents, being populated mostly during summer. It is 8 km (5 miles) in length and only 300 m in width, being a strip of land between the Black Sea and Lake Siutghiol. It is especially suited for families with children.
Mamaia is well-known for having the finest sand and the smoothest beach along the entire Romanian Sea coast. The beach season is at its best between mid-May and late September, when average daytime temperatures are 25 to 30 degrees Celsius (78 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit). The water is warm until late in the autumn.
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The Black Sea Coast stretches out for 244km/153 miles and is the main tourist area of Romania. It has fine, soft sand and safe, gently sloping beaches. The water of the Black Sea has a low salinity in comparison with other inland seas (only 17%) and there is a virtual absence of tides and currents. On most days during the summer the sea is calm. The medium latitude and the low altitude are favorable to a dry climate and determine a long season, lasting from May to September, whilst the eastern exposure of the coast provides for spectacular sunrises and maximum luminosity, amounting to over 14 hours a day at the height of summer. There are about 24-25 sunny days a month in the summer. Water temperatures are in between 16-20 degrees Celsius in June, between 20-28 C in July and August and around 20C in September. The air is well-ionised, rich in marine aerosols. The sand beaches are generally natural ones, 400-500 m wide at Mangalia and Techirghiol, and 50-200 m wide in other resorts. The high solar radiation intensity is said to have stimulating and healing effects. The entire complex of sand, air, sun and water is a beneficial one. The Black Sea houses sturgeons and dolphins and there are no dangerous species like sharks.
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The Danube Delta is the second largest delta (Volga is the first) but best preserved of European deltas, with an area of 3446 km2. This land of waters takes you away from everything that looks like a human establishment and guides you into a journey sprinkled with natural islands, lonely floating forests and incredible wildlife.
The Danube, springs from Germany and it gathers all the tributary streams from 10 countries and crosses 4 capital cities. After covering 2860 km and before flowing into the Black Sea, it forms a delta. The Danube Delta is situated in the Southeastern part of the country, it has the shape of the Greek letter "delta" and it is bordered in the Southwestern part by Dobrogea Plateau, in the Northern part by the Ukrainian border and in the Eastern part by the Black Sea.
The delta was created over the past 5,000 years—through much of recorded history. Before that, the delta was a gulf of the Black Sea. The deposition of million tons of alluvia links the three branches of the Danube: Chilia, Sulina and Sfantu Gheorghe (Saint George) with a fascinating net of channels, brooks and ponds. Wherever you look, you can see floating islets covered by rush and reed, rainforest-like lianas, lakes with muddy depths and surfaces carpeted by water lilies. The silent boats of fishermen stir countless pelicans and flocks of cormorants and moor hens from their nests beyond the reed curtains. Every year, the alluvium deposited by the Danube increases the width of the Delta by around 40 meters, making it extremely dynamic and the youngest land in Europe.
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